Assessment on English for Cambodian Textbook Uses

Assessment on English for Cambodian Textbook Uses The fall of the Pol Pot regime in 1979 contributed to a new step toward introducing new foreign languages-Vietnamese, and Russian, in Cambodian education system. However, at the end of cold war in late 1989, French and English were reintroduced once again at lower secondary school education after a long period of prohibition of teaching the two languages toward the end of Lon Nol regime in 1975 (Igawa, 2008). Although French and English have been taught ever since that time, English has become the first foreign language owing to the fact that there has been a switching allocation of language resources from French to English (Clayton, 2006). Since English becomes more and more influential language in Cambodia, high attention has been drawn to make this language more and more communicable among school girls and boys at basic education level from grade 7 to grade 12. Meanwhile, the main the purpose of Lower Secondary School (LSS) is to have students fully participate in the society and become a productive citizen. In this regard, the objective of teaching foreign language at that level is set to serve basic communicative competence for the students (MoYES, 2004). To serve the above objective, in Lower and Upper Secondary school levels from grade 7 to grade 12, MoEYS employs the book series named English for Cambodia to teach students, which was initially piloted in 1996-1997 academic year (MoEYS, 1999). Before the publication of English for Cambodia (EFC) series, many textbook series such as Headway, English for Today, and streamline, to name but a few, were utilized to teach Cambodian Secondary School students. Shortly after several projects had been conducted to develop an appropriate English textbook for Cambodia, EFC textbook series were published with six levels in which one level is confined for the whole academic year of each grade at both Lower and Upper Secondary schools in Cambodia (Vira, 2002). In grade 7, students are to take the first level of the bo ok named â€Å"English for Cambodia: Book 1†. The book is written in English including the explanatory part in the first section. The textbook content is organized on the grammar basis containing a number of chapters which each is subdivided into 4 or 3 units to explain the target grammar, some drills using the grammar, short dialogues with questions to check for comprehension, and reading texts. From the content, each chapter subsequently orientates students towards communicative goal (MoEYS, 1999). English for Cambodia, book one, was developed in forms of teacher’s guide and student book in respect to MoEYS Textbook Master Plan (1996) and cooperated with Cambodian research institutions. This textbook was designed on the basis of MoEYS English Syllabus for grade 7 students and accompanied by the teaching methodology developed by teacher trainers during training course for Lower Secondary English trainees. In particular, the main features of teaching methodology in thi s book is characterized as: enhancing 4 language skill practices namely listening, speaking, reading, and writing; practicing grammatical structure and vocabulary and introducing systematic and appropriate means of communicative language function; various effective teaching and learning technique presented in each unit; and regular interaction between students and teachers (MoEYS, 1999).

AM Transmitter Circuit Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

AM Transmitter Circuit - Assignment Example The amplitude modulation and transmission of modulated audio signal is carried out through AM Transmitter. Depending upon the type of application and level of operation, an AM Transmitter consists of following basic building blocks as shown in fig.1. Fig. 1 Block diagram of an AM Transmitter From fig.1 it is obvious that an AM Transmitter has following important building blocks. 1- Oscillator (OSC) 2- Buffer 3- Pre-Driver 4- Driver 5- Microphone Amplifier 6- Modulator 7- Power Amplifier 8- Transmitting Antenna For detail description of each block, the schematic diagram of a basic level AM Transmitter is given below in fig. 2. Fig. 2 Schematic circuit diagram of an AM Transmitter The circuit diagram given in fig. 2 can be broadly divided in two major sections namely; - The Oscillator section. - The audio amplifier section and The oscillator section (that comprises of an oscillator, buffer, pre-driver, driver and microphone amplifier and modulator) is built from the transistors Q1 (BC109) and biasing resistors (R1, R2, and R3). The components L1 and C1 constitutes the tank circuit that can be tuned in RF range of 500kHz to 1600KHz. The Q1 (BC109) that is the key component of oscillator circuit section is provided with regenerative feedback by connecting the base and collector of Q1 to opposite ends of the tank circuit.

Homicide Law within England and Wales Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Homicide Law within England and Wales - Essay Example In July 2005, government ordered for a review of homicide law, especially connecting to manslaughter in England and Wales2. It is stated that there are many problems in the existing law like it has confusing structure and shaky foundations. It does not reflect the degree of fault or provide right scope. There are areas that need regularisation by legislation because some of these areas are not conducive with the modern society. Two general offences of murder and manslaughter sometimes have a blurred demarcation. No doubt wilful killing of another person is murder and the rest come under manslaughter. Here again, demarcation is not very clear between gross negligence manslaughter, reckless manslaughter, voluntary manslaughter, involuntary manslaughter and unlawful and dangerous act manslaughter. Current definitions of each of them could be termed as confusing and misleading at times. Current definitions of these offences are mainly based on judicial law connected with precedent individual cases and they are not products of legislation. Most of them are behind time and do not have much legal base other than societal approval. Difference in intention of only harming and not killing, but killing by mistake is a terribly confusing legal field that could be manoeuvred by a clever lawyer in whichever way he likes. In present law culpability is too wide a field and need to be specified properly. Many reckless killers who kill with abandon are getting lightly punished under manslaughter while they deserve more stringent sentences. Law fraternity3 and police watch helplessly when the defendant goes away with hardly any punishment due to loopholes in law. Especially the police, who are aware of the committed crime and have seen the atrocity and effect of it, feel totally deceived and disowned by law. Law of manslaughter needs narrowing down urgently. It cannot be allowed to become bigger and bigger almost with every case. Some of the partial defences like concealed partial defences or self defences are set in unclear fields and need more coherence. Provocation is not clearly stated and the whole area is a confusing mixture of judge made law and rather unconnected legislation. Role of provocation in murder and manslaughter both is extremely difficult to grasp even by

Conquest :: essays research papers

Conquest The day they landed was the most horrible day I have ever been forced to live through. * * * The Soviet Union had begun to regroup. It was not immediately joined by the smaller and weaker nations that made up the northwestern region of the union. The independent nations of Latvia, Estonia, and Lithua would not follow under communist rule again; they were willing to die for their freedom. The U.S.S.R was unable to persuade the remaining components to rejoin them in their conquest and they were hasty to declare war on their counterparts. With war waging in Eastern Europe the United Nations took action. The leader of Russia's communist party and president rejected the UN's cease-fire treaty. Russia was expelled from the United Nations early the next day. The CIA agent, Newton, inched his way through the air conditioning make an effort to remain as quiet as possible. Once he reached the ventilator above the leader's bedroom he unveiled his device, a new prototype developed by his agency. This devise would unscrew and disable any form of fastener. Using a laser divertor to abstract the laser alarm system path the agent lowered himself into the room. Waiting for the man, a smaller man yet more powerful. The door creaked open slowly and an exhausted fat man entered. As soon as the door had been closed the fat man's throat had been gashed and he lay in a pool of his own warm blood. The United States had volunteered to be a "cut-off" regiment. We would put pressure on Russia to remove their troops from Eastern Europe and detain their troops in Russia. If they failed to comply with this mandate we would have no choice but to supply aid to Eastern Europe. My regiment was originally from the Southern California area; we were to be transported to San Francisco where we would rendezvous with a rather large concentration of military. From San Francisco we would be transported by carriers to the island of Hokkaido, specifically the town of Wakkanai. Our army would form a percent of the United Nations army along with Japan and England and launch an attack on a Russian city named Korsakov. This was the plan as it stood, but when you are attacked on your own soil there are priorities to attend to. Later that week the leader of Russia was assassinated in chambers. The assailant had entered through the overhead ventilator and slit the dictator's throat. He had then fled through the window setting off a number of alarms and finally escaping by slaying three of the soldiers on guard.

Criticism Of Feminism

Thus spoke Caruthers; woman for the upkeep of the interior of the house and man, for the building of this house; man to bring food, clothes and woman to bring up their progeny. Otherwise, how the one who must carry in her a burden-the future Of the human being- will be able to resist to demon of the life without the help of a man at his sides? The true place of a woman is at home, not at building sites. That is the law of the nature and nothing else. And that was thus until yesterday because feminism compared the history of humanity has only a few seconds of existence.The first woman to get baccalaureate in France was Julie-Victories Daub in 1 861 at the age of 37 years; and the first British colleges for women have seen the day, only at the end of the years of 1 840: Queen's College for women and Bedford College. Even a mind like Rousseau, one of the fervent pioneer of human rights of the eighteenth century and fought hardly against inequality showed in his Mile, oh De l'education t hat he was seeing in the woman, a mother and a spouse. However, nowadays history has testified that having a small brain doesn't mean being less intelligent because girls had appended their one's signatures on many fields of research and it began with Marie Curie, Pierce's wife, a French chemist.

South Korea Important Things to Know

South Korea is the country making up the southern half of the Korean Peninsula. It is surrounded by the Sea of Japan and the Yellow Sea and is around 38,502 square miles (99,720 sq km). Its border with North Korea is at a ceasefire line, which was established at the end of the Korean War in 1953 and corresponds roughly to the 38th parallel. The country has a long history that was dominated by either China or Japan until the end of World War II, at which time Korea was divided into North and South Korea. Today, South Korea is densely populated and its economy is growing as it is known for producing high-tech industrial goods. Fast Facts: South Korea Official Name: Republic of KoreaCapital: SeoulPopulation: 51,418,097 (2018)Official Language: Korean  Currency: South Korean won (KRW)Form of Government: Presidential republicClimate: Temperate, with rainfall heavier in summer than winter; cold wintersTotal Area: 38,502 square miles (99,720 square kilometers)Highest Point: Halla-san at 6,398 feet (1,950 meters)  Lowest Point: Sea of Japan at 0 feet (0 meters) 10 Things to Know About the Country of South Korea South Koreas population as of July 2009 was 48,508,972. Its capital, Seoul, is one of its largest cities with a population of over 10 million.The official language of South Korea is Korean, but English is taught widely in the countrys schools. In addition, Japanese is common in South Korea.The population of South Korea is composed of 99.9% Korean but 0.1% the population is Chinese.The dominant religious groups in South Korea are Christian and Buddhist. However, a large percent of South Koreans claim no religious preference.South Koreas government is a republic with a single legislative body that is comprised of the National Assembly or Kukhoe. The executive branch is made up of chief of state who is the countrys president and a head of government who is the prime minister.Most of South Koreas topography is mountainous with its highest point being Halla-san at 6,398 feet (1,950 m). Halla-san is an extinct volcano.Around two-thirds of the land in South Korea is forested. This includes the mainland and some of the more than 3,000 small islands that are located on the countrys southern and western coasts.The climate of South Korea is temperate with cold winters and hot, wet summers. The average January temperature for Seoul, South Koreas capital city, is 28 degrees (-2.5 °C) while the average August high temperature is 85 degrees (29.5 °C).South Koreas economy is high-tech and industrialized. Its main industries include electronics, telecommunications, auto production, steel, shipbuilding, and chemical production. Some of South Koreas largest companies include Hyundai, LG, and Samsung.In 2004, South Korea opened a high-speed rail line called Korea Train Express (KTX), which ia based on the French TGV. The KTX runs from Seoul to Pusan and Seoul to Mokpo and transports over 100,000 people daily.

How to Use the Words Here and There In Spanish

Broadly speaking, in English  something or someone can be in one of two places: here or there. In Spanish, there are three relative locations or places of position. Those locations are aquà ­, roughly the equivalent of here; ahà ­, roughly the equivalent of there when speaking of an object or action that is close to the person being spoken to; and allà ­, roughly the equivalent of there or over there when speaking of an object that is distant from both the speaker and the person being spoken to. Grammatically, all of these words are known as  adverbs of place or position. These words can also substitute as pronouns in a sentence. In Spanish, all these forms have an accent mark over the final vowel. Regional Differences With Here, There and Over There In some parts of Latin America, you may hear  acà ¡ for here and  allà ¡Ã‚  for over there, instead of, or in addition to, aquà ­, allà ­, and ahà ­. You may also find some subtle variations in how these terms are used in different regions.   A memorization technique is to remember these adverbs in order from  closest to farthest: aquà ­ (acà ¡), ahà ­, and allà ­ (allà ¡). In most situations,  acà ¡ is synonymous with  aquà ­,  and you will find that some countries use  acà ¡Ã‚  more frequently, while some Spanish speakers exclusively use  aquà ­. Differentiating Between Use Cases Although allà ­ and ahà ­ can sound similar in regions where the double-l,  ll, which sounds like a y sound, is softened and often translated the same in English, do not to confuse the two words. As examples, if you ask a native Spanish speaker,  ¿Quà © pasa ahà ­?, which means,  Whats happening there? then the person will likely look in his or her vicinity. But  ¿Quà © pasa allà ­?,  translates to, Whats happening over there? and will have the person looking in the distance. Place Adverb Spanish Sentence English Translation aqu Vente aqu para comer. Come here and eat. aqu La gente aqu es muy pacfica. The people here are very peaceful. aqu Haz clic aqu.haber Click here. ac Ms ac! More over this way! or Closer! ac As no se hacen las cosas ac. Thats not how we do things here. ah Te puedes sentar ah. You can seat yourself there. ah Como siempre ah. I always eat there. all Hay alguien all? Is someone there? all El hombre que nunca estuvo all (movie title) The Man Who Wasnt There all All viene el heladero. There comes the ice cream man (in the distance). all Aquellos pases all en la Africa. Those countries over there in Africa. all La torta est all. The cake is over there. Demonstrative Adjectives Corresponding With Place Adverbs Place adverbs can roughly correspond to demonstrative adjectives and pronouns. The adverbs aquà ­, ahà ­, and allà ­ correspond to the demonstratives este, ese, and aquel, respectively. There are multiple forms depending on gender and number. Place Adverb Demonstrative Adjectives aqu, ac este (this), esta (this), ste (this one), estos (these), estas (these) ah ese (that), esa (that), se (that one), esos (those), esas (those) all, all aquel (that over there), aqul (that one over there), aquella (that over there), aquellos (those over there), aquellas (those over there). Place Adverbs That Substitute as Pronouns As in English, place adverbs can occasionally be used as pronouns. Here and there stand in as place nouns. A couple examples include:  Los dulces de aquà ­ son muy caros, which means, The candy from here is very expensive, and Desde allà ­ puede ver el lago, which means,  From there you can see the lake. Tricky Translations When translating, the meaning of a Spanish sentence, beware getting tripped up by the existential use of the verb haber, the conjugated form hay, meaning there is or there are. It is easy to confuse allà ­ meaning, there, with the existential use of haber, such as using hay to mean there is or there are. For example, Hay dos libros and Dos libros està ¡n allà ­ can both be translated as, There are two books. The two sentences in Spanish do not mean the same thing. Hay dos libros means two books exist, while dos libros està ¡n allà ­ means, two books are in that location. Nonlocational Usage for Adverbs of Place These adverbs occasionally used in time references, meaning something like at this time or at that time  Ã¢â‚¬â€ or, informally, now and then.  Two examples:  De aquà ­ en adelante, todo es desconocido. (From now going ahead, everything is unknown.) Hasta allà ­ todo estaba bien. (Until then, everything was fine.) Key Takeaways The three main adverbs of location are aquà ­ (here), ahà ­ (there), and allà ­ (there, but farther away).In some areas, acà ¡ (here) and allà ¡ (there) are used additionally or instead.When translating from English  to Spanish, do not confuse there as a location with there as a term of existence.